Page 2 - b2 guide

Preparing for TRINITY ISE II (B2) - Reading & Writing - Answers Explanations

TEST 1 used by the Ancient Greeks to describe a group of small peo-
ple they believed lived in Ethiopia. Many hundreds of years
later, when European explorers arrived in Central Africa, they
TASK 1 used this same term to label the small forest people they found
living there.’ (para.2)
Questions: 1 - 5 13. smaller skeletons. ‘It is not known exactly why the pyg-
1. E. ‘…pygmies live in central Africa, in and around the Congo mies developed such small body frames. One theory suggests it
rainforest.’, ‘They survive off the wild products, the animals was due to the lack of natural light in the rainforests. This
and plants, as nature puts in the environment around them.’ meant the forest people did not get enough calcium for proper
2. B. ‘The term ‘pygmy’ was originally used by the Ancient bone growth so they developed smaller skeletons.’ (para.3)
Greeks… when European explorers arrived in Central Africa, 14. big issue. They, like most of their people, are under at-
they used this same term to label the small forest people they tack. The Bantu in some places treat them like slaves. Defor-
found living there. These jungle people were not only very estation is another big issue.’ (para.4)
short in height (typically under five feet tall) but also very small 15. (new) diseases. ‘Struggling pygmies are forced to move
in build.’ into built-up areas…To make matters worse, the pygmies have
3. A. ‘It is not known exactly why the pygmies developed such been exposed to new diseases here too...’ (para.5)
small body frames. One theory suggests it was due to the lack
of natural light in the rainforests.’ … ‘Another theory claims the
pygmies are small because they have naturally adapted to for-
est life over hundreds of years.’ … ‘Music is a huge part of daily TASK 2
life and not just for entertainment purposes; there are songs Questions: 16 - 20
for specific events and for activities, such as hunting, too.’ 16. C. Text C illustrates the process of recycling from wastepa-
4. F. ‘The Baka Pygmies of Cameroon…are under attack. De- per to factory processes required to recycle paper.
forestation is one big issue.’...‘And then there is war. The pyg- 17. D. In this text facts and figures are given relating to paper
mies are often caught in the middle of fights between rival consumption e.g.: ‘On average, each person in the UK uses
Bantu groups.’ about 38kg of newspaper a year.’, ‘There is enough wrapping
5. D. ‘Struggling pygmies are forced to move into built-up paper used during the December holiday season to cover
areas. Here, in the larger villages and towns of Cameroon, they nearly 12,000 football pitches.’
can only find the lowest-paid jobs. They live in poverty and are 18. D. ‘There is enough wrapping paper used during the De-
often the victims of unfair treatment by the locals. To make cember holiday season to cover nearly 12,000 football pitches.’
matters worse, the pygmies have been exposed to new diseases 19. B. In this text, the environmental issue of greenhouse gas
here too...’, ‘And they have little access to medical assistance...’ production in relation to paper bio-degradation is discussed.
‘Paper is biodegradable, which means it breaks down naturally
Questions: 6 - 10 over time. When it biodegrades, however, it creates methane,
6. C. Struggling pygmies are forced to move into built-up a powerful greenhouse gas that contributes to global warm-
areas. Here, in the larger villages and towns of Cameroon, they ing... By recycling paper, therefore, we keep these gases out of
can only find the lowest-paid jobs... And they have little access the atmosphere for longer.’
to medical assistance…’ (para.5) 20. A. ‘…harvesting trees is an unavoidable part of the paper-
7. E. The term ‘pygmy’ was originally used by the Ancient making process – no matter how much paper is recycled. This
Greeks to describe a group of small people they believed lived is because every time paper is reused, its fibres weaken. New
in Ethiopia…These jungle people were not only very short in paper, or virgin wood pulp, has to be added to the process, and
height (typically under five feet tall) but also very small in build. that means using new wood.’
In contrast, the other native Africans, the Bantu, were similar in
both build and height to the Europeans themselves.’ (para.2) Questions: 21 - 25
8.F. ‘No one knows exactly how many of them there are, but 21. C. ‘(3) Paper graded and sorted into different groups. (4)
estimates suggest that between one quarter and half a million Put in special pulper machines and: - Washed - De-inked - New
pygmies live in central Africa, in and around the Congo rainfor- pulp mixed in with recycled pulp.’ (Text C)
est.’ (para.1) 22. D. ‘Similarly, when paper is burned in an incinerator, it pro-
9. G. ‘Deforestation is one big issue. For this, both the Bantu duces another greenhouse gas – carbon dioxide. By recycling
and the Europeans are to blame.’ (para.4) paper, therefore, we keep these gases out of the atmosphere
10. H. ‘It is not known exactly why the pygmies developed for longer.’ (Text B)
such small body frames. One theory suggests it was due to the 23. E. ‘There are over 1000 government recycling centres in
lack of natural light in the rainforests. This meant the forest the UK…Paper makes up about 5% of the recycled materials
people did not get enough calcium for proper bone growth so brought to these centres.’ (Text D)
they developed smaller skeletons.’ (para.3) 24. G. ‘As from last March, all paper products sold in the EU
A is false as the Bantu are described as being: ‘...similar in both (which Britain is part of) have to come from legally harvested,
build and height to the Europeans themselves.’ (para.2). and that means sustainable, timber resources.’ (Text A)
B is also incorrect as it is stated in the text that: ‘One thing 25. H. ‘…the wood used by the paper industry in Europe
that’s not small, however, is the pygmy love of music. In fact, comes from sustainable supplies which are able to continue
this is enormous.’(para.3) over a long period of time. Some of it, for example, comes from
D is incorrect as fighting between Bantus, not pygmies is affect- young trees that would have to be cut down anyway to let the
ing the latter’s way of life. ‘The Baka Pygmies of Cameroon… forest mature; this process is called thinning the forest.’ (Text A)
are under attack...The pygmies are often caught in the middle A is incorrect as it is stated in Text D, that: ‘Recycled paper
of fights between rival Bantu groups.’ (para.4) makes up around 79% of the raw materials that go into making
Questions: 11 - 15 newspapers,’ not 79% of recycled paper itself.
11. estimates. ‘No one knows exactly how many of them B is also incorrect as recycling paper helps reduce not increase
there are, but estimates suggest that between one quarter dangerous gases in the atmosphere as it is stated in Text B:
and half a million pygmies live in central Africa, in and around ‘Paper is biodegradable, which means it breaks down naturally
the Congo rainfores.’ (para.1) over time. When it biodegrades, however, it creates methane,
12. European explorers. ‘The term ‘pygmy’ was originally a powerful greenhouse gas that contributes to global warming.
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